Malaria Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease that is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. It infects between 300 and 500 million people every year and causes between one and three million deaths annually, mostly among young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria is not just a disease commonly associated with poverty, but is also a [...]

Lung Cancer Lung cancer is the malignant transformation and expansion of lung tissue, and is the most lethal of all cancers worldwide, responsible for up to 3 million deaths annually. Although lung cancer was previously an illness that predominantly affected males, the incidence in women has been increasing in the last few decades, which has [...]

Hypertension Hypertension, commonly referred to as “high blood pressure”, is a medical condition where the blood pressure is chronically elevated. While it is formally called arterial hypertension, the word “hypertension” without a qualifier usually refers to arterial hypertension. Hypertension gives the highest risk of heart attack or stroke than any other disease. Persistent hypertension is [...]

Hepatitis C Hepatitis C is a blood-borne, infectious, viral disease that is caused by a hepatotropic virus called Hepatitis C virus (HCV). The infection can cause liver inflammation that is often asymptomatic, but ensuing chronic hepatitis can result later in cirrhosis and liver cancer. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is spread by blood-to-blood contact with [...]

Hepatitis B Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a member of the Hepadnavirus family and one of several unrelated viral species which cause viral hepatitis. It was originally known as “serum hepatitis” and has caused current epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa. Hepatitis B is [...]

Hepatitis A is an enterovirus transmitted by the orofecal route, such as contaminated food. It causes an acute form of hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), does not have a chronic stage, and will not cause any permanent damage to the liver. The patient’s immune system makes antibodies against Hepatitis A that confer immunity against future [...]

Hepatitis Hepatitis is a gastroenterological disease, featuring inflammation of the liver. The clinical signs and prognosis, as well as the therapy, depend on the cause. Signs and Symptoms Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver characterized by malaise, joint aches, abdominal pain, vomiting 2-3 times per day for the first 5 days, defecation, loss of [...]

Heart disease is an umbrella term for a number of different diseases which affect the heart. The most common heart diseases are: Coronary heart disease – a disease of the heart itself caused by the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium. Ischaemic heart disease – another disease [...]

Escherichia Coli – Health Web Escherichia coli, is one of many species of bacteria living in the lower intestines of mammals, known as gut flora. When located in the large intestine, it actually assists with waste processing, vitamin K production, and food absorption. Discovered in 1885 by Theodor Escherich, a German pediatrician and bacteriologist, E. [...]

Ebola Ebola is the common term for a group of viruses belonging to genus Ebolavirus, family Filoviridae, which cause Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The disease can be deadly and encompasses a range of symptoms including vomiting, diarrhea, changes in skin color, general body pain, internal and external bleeding, and fever. Mortality rates are generally high, ranging [...]

Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness characterized by sore throat, low-grade fever, and an adherent membrane (apseudo-membrane) on the tonsil(s), pharynx, and/or nose. A milder form of diphtheria can be limited to the skin. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium. Diphtheria is a highly contagious disease spread by direct [...]

Diaper rash (US) or nappy rash (UK), is a generic term applied to skin rashes in the diaper area that are caused by a various skin disorders. Generic rash or irritant diaper dermatitis (IDD) is characterized by joined patches of erythema and scaling mainly seen on the convex surfaces, with the skin folds spared. Diaper [...]

Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (high glucose blood sugar), among other signs. The World Health Organization recognizes three main forms of diabetes: type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes (or type 3, occurring during pregnancy), although these share signs and symptoms but have different causes and population distributions. They [...]

dermatophyte is a parasitic fungus that infects the skin. The term embraces the imperfect fungi of the genera Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton. Dermatophytes (name based on the Greek for ‘skin plants’) are a common label for a group of three types of fungus that commonly causes skin disease in animals and humans. These anamorphic (asexual [...]

Autism Autism is classified as a neurodevelopment disorder that manifests in delays of “social interaction, language as used in social communication, or symbolic or imaginative play,” with “onset prior to age 3 years,” according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The ICD-10 also requires symptoms to “manifest before the age of three [...]

Athlete’s foot or tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by parasitic fungi. Causes The body normally hosts a variety of saprotrophic microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Some of these are useful to the body. Pathogenic or disease causing organisms or the overgrowth of saprotrophic [...]

To an extent, we all develop a degree of degeneration in the vertebrae and discs as we become older. As the ‘discs’ degenerate, over many years they become thinner. Sometimes the adjacent vertebrae develop small, rough areas of bone on their edges. The nearby muscles, ligaments, and nerves may become irritated by these degenerative changes [...]

  Asthma is a chronic disease of the respiratory system in which the airway occasionally constricts, becomes inflamed, and is lined with excessive amounts of mucus, often in response to one or more triggers. These acute episodes may be triggered by such things as exposure to an environmental stimulant (or allergen), cold air, exercise or [...]